Psychology Of Hate Crime Offenders - 1564 Words

Psychology of Hate Crime Offenders Melissa K. Mark University of Phoenix September 2015 Abstract This study investigated data regarding criminal offenses categorized as hate crimes that â€Å"are motivated, in whole or in part, by the offender s bias against a race, religion, sexual orientation, ethnicity/national origin, or disability and are committed against persons, property, or society†, (Hall 2013) with a speculative focus upon the psychological typology of the offender. Findings yield five major categories of the offender: â€Å"thrill-seeking, reactive/defensive, retaliatory, mission, and bias peripheral/mixed† (Freilich 2013). The study yielded that individuals who commit hate crimes are not diagnostically mentally ill, but they do share characteristics of high levels of aggression and antisocial behavior, with childhood histories of parental or caretaker abuse, and use of violence to solve family problems. Findings are considered in terms of clinical intervention and risk assessment practices with hate crime offenders using a chi-squared test for nominal (categorical) data to determine whether an association between two categorical variables in a sample is likely to reflect a real association between these two variables in a population. Hate crime generally refers to a â€Å"criminal offense against a person or property motivated in whole or in part by an offender’s bias against a race, religion, disability, ethnic origin or sexual orientation†, (Hall, 2013).Show MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Hate Crimes On The Victim And Their Community1305 Words   |  6 Pages The Effects of Hate Crimes on the Victim and their Community Maritza A. Salvador Psychology 25 Professor Fitzpatrick 02 December, 2016 Abstract This paper will explore the long-term effects a hate crime has on the victim and his or her community. The victims and communities are directly and indirectly affected by the crime. Victims suffered long term effects such as negative mental and physical health, anxiety, depression, and symptoms of PTSD. The affected communitiesRead MoreThe Long Effects Of A Hate Crime Essay1289 Words   |  6 PagesThis paper will explore the long-term effects a hate crime has on the victim and his or her community. The victims and communities are directly and indirectly affected by the crime. Victims suffered long term effects such as negative mental and physical health, anxiety, depression, and symptoms of PTSD. The affected communities were victimized solely for sharing the same characteristics and beliefs of the victim. The long lasting effects of the hate crime influence every aspect of the victim’s life andRead More Profile of a Hate Crime Offender Essay1614 Words   |  7 PagesProfil e of a Hate Crime Offender Sterilized from emotion, hate crime, also called bias crime, is those offenses motivated in part or singularly by personal prejudice against other because of a diversity-race, sexual orientation, religion, ethnicity/national origin, or disability. Hate crimes are committed out of anger, ignorance, and lack of knowledge of another’s ideas and beliefs. There are many causes for an individual to commit a hate crime. Also, many differentRead MoreHate Crimes. Criminologist Essay1603 Words   |  7 PagesHate Crimes Meshanda Rolland-Avera COM/172 March 21, 2012 Ms. Valery Reed Hate Crimes Hate crimes are many different criminal acts such as vandalism, arson, assault, and even murder. Many hate crimes are based on an individual’s race, gender, religion, age, sexual orientation, ethnicity, and disabilities. Everyone can be potential victims of hate crimes. Anyone from any social class can be considered targets for hate crimes. If you or a group believes in a different religion or speaks a differentRead MoreHate Crime Essay816 Words   |  4 PagesThe term hate crime became part of the American lexicon in 1985 when it was coined by United States Representatives John Conyers and Mario Biaggi. Although the term hate crime and societal interest in it are relatively recent developments, hate crime has deep historical roots. Throughout U.S. history, a significant proportion of all murders, assaults, and acts of vandalism and desecration have been fueled by hatred. As Native Americans have been described as the first hate crime victims, hate crimesRead MoreEssay on ha te crimes661 Words   |  3 Pages Defining Hate Crimes Hate crimes has become an increasing problem here in the united states ranging from racial hatred to gender discrimination but what are hate crimes? According to Dr. Jack McDevitt, a criminologist at Northeastern University in Boston Hate crimes are message crimes, Hate crimes are defined as crimes that are violent act against people, property, or organizations because of the group to which they belong or identify with. The coined term â€Å"hate crimes† was first used No matterRead MoreCriminal Psychology : A Glimpse Into The Mind Of A Criminal1523 Words   |  7 PagesCriminal Psychology: A Glimpse into the Mind of a Criminal Are you interested in solving crimes, wanting to be part of the community, and help bring justice to families? Are TV shows like CSI and Criminal Minds intriguing to you? There’s a job that could suit your interests without all the blood and gore. Criminal/forensic psychology is a career for people interested in solving crimes and working to help people in the community. A forensic psychologist has many tasks that they might be involvedRead MoreSexual Offenders And Sex Offenders1567 Words   |  7 Pagessex crimes and has resulted in a lack of reintegration options for these alleged criminals. The term â€Å"sex offender† needs to be reserved for those individuals who best represent the meaning of the term. (Colbert, 2011, p. 1) According to US Department of Justice, a sex offender is anyone convicted of an offense of a sexual nature under the law of any jurisdiction, this also includes juveniles fourteen years of age and older. (Colbert, 2011, p. 1) In the United States, the term sex offender is tooRead MoreEvaluating and Refining Solutions: Hate crimes can be described as criminal activities that are1000 Words   |  4 PagesEvaluating and Refining Solutions: Hate crimes can be described as criminal activities that are perceived to be fueled by prejudice against and hostility towards the victim based on an individual characteristic. In most cases, hate crimes are motivated by gender, disability, sexual orientation, race, identity, and religion or faith. The increase in hate crimes in the recent past has not only made it a major issue that needs to be addressed in the modern society but has also attracted several legislativeRead MoreIs Psychology A Science?2038 Words   |  9 Pagesparts of our lives? â€Å"Like all science, psychology is knowledge: and like science, it is knowledge of a definite thing, the mind† in this quote by James Mark Baldwin, it states that psychology is a science, a science that is being used in many different ways. Unlike usual science, that teach us about cells, rocks, and animals, this science gives us a glimpse of something that everyone has and something that everyone has questions about†¦ the mind! Psychology helps us in many different ways, and one

Sambian Partners Why Are We Losing All Our Good People

Why Are We Losing All Our Good People Background: Sambian Partners founded by Peter Gasbarian in1975. Gasbarian idea was to build top notch architecture and engineering firm. Helen Gasbarian took charge of Sambian Partners as CEO in1997. The case begins with the resignation of Tom Forsythe, an assistant director. Mary Donillo, the head of human resources was opposed to Tom s decision. According to Adrienne Perle, one of the engineers at Sambian Partners people was quite unhappy. When this came into light, Mary Donillo asked her opinion regarding the current situation at the firm and from here she came to know the dissatisfaction among the employees with the current working conditions, mainly from the higher-ups in the organization.†¦show more content†¦The CEO and Mary decide to choose the later, ask Adrianne what is on her mind. After idle conversation the question is asked, Is Tom Forsythe talking to you? And are these rumors true? After a few awkward minutes, the truth is reviled. No, Tom is not talking to Adriann e, but she is quite simply unhappy with the current working conditions, mainly from the higher-ups in the organization. Final decision:- From the above evidence we say that Sambian should establish an open-door policy so that employees know that they can talk to someone above their supervisors if they have a complaint. Helen must personally guarantee that feedback will be taken seriously. The employees might be experiencing an imbalance between work and life. The corporate culture should be clearly defined and the employees surveyed should analyze how far they are separated from the same. The employees also felt that there were inadequate career opportunities where they can grow. There was lack of recognition to their higher order needs. Jean Martin, executive director of the Corporate Leadership Council, gave the professional opinion of this article. According to her advice, the issue does not fall on what Mary is asking; it is How she asks it. It will be a harmful for a company when large groups of employees are migrating from it. In such

Hannibal’s Crossing of the Alps Free Essays

Hannibal’s crossing of the Alps is one of history’s most remarkable military achievements even to this day. There are many accounts of the crossing of the Alps and what happened during those weeks and we can only speculate and use the sources and information that has lived through the decay of time. Our main primary sources that historians use to piece together the crossing of the Alps are by two of Rome’s most famous historians, Polybius and Livy. We will write a custom essay sample on Hannibal’s Crossing of the Alps or any similar topic only for you Order Now Polybius was a very rounded and mostly non-biased historian who got out of his way to travel to his locations to document facts and information which he used in his text and who lived during the time of the First and Second Punic Wars. On the other hand we have Livy who was a very pro-Roman historian who had documented his facts based on other historians who were before him as he lived almost 200 years after the Punic wars. When we compare the two accounts by both historians we tend to believe and rely more on the accounts made by Polybius as we know him as a reliable and fairly non-biased source whereas Livy was very biased towards Rome and based his information off of other historians. Although we see Polybius as the more reliable source, Livy does come up with some points that concern the crossing that are quite conflicting with the information presented to us by Polybius. By analysing both of these accounts we can get a better understanding of the crossing of Hannibal’s crossing of the Alps. Polybius who was a very reliable historian who we know lived around 200-118 BC during the time of the two Punic Wars provided a very detailed account of both Punic wars and Hannibal’s crossing of the Alps. Polybius is known for his determination to get actual factual evidence and firsthand knowledge of events that occurred. He resided in Rome for most of his life and occasionally undertaking long journeys throughout the Mediterranean to get knowledge on historical sites and interview primary sources who were actually at the events. Polybius’s works (The Histories) documents the events between 264 and 146 BC which mainly involved the rise of the Roman Empire and the effort in which they went to subdue their rival Carthage. Polybius documents the First and Second Punic wars with incredible detail and is our main source for the wars, although Livy also provides some very important facts and information. Titus Livius Patavinus (59 BC – AD 17) (more commonly known as Livy) we know as to be a very pro- Roman historian who can be seen as very biased towards the Romans and paints them in an honourable and almighty glow within his texts. Some of his texts we can see as just plain lies and so we are reluctant to solely use Livy’s information to base our research and understanding around. Livy wrote a complete history of Rome from its very foundations all the way up to the reign of Augustus in Livy’s own time but the only surviving work of his is the â€Å"History of Rome†. During the reign of Augustus Livy wrote his texts emphasizing the accomplishments and triumphs of Rome, and wrote everything with a pro-Roman view to promote a new type of government which was implemented by the emperor Augustus. With that being said a lot of Livy’s texts and accounts mislead to reader into taking a Roman view and often cut out pieces of information which would downgrade the view on Rome, and so we have come to rely more on Polybius’s accounts than Livy’s, although Livy does also provide many accounts and descriptions of events that are unavailable elsewhere and so his texts and reports are still highly valued is one of the main sources we have. Both Polybius’s and Livy’s accounts of Hannibal’s crossing of the Alps can be seen to have many similarities and so we can determine that the same source and information has been used. Although there are many similarities between the two there are also some differences which can be seen throughout both texts. For example when Hannibal is crossing the Alps and he soon finds his path blocked by a pile of rocks Livy states that he uses Vinegar and Fire to break through the rock. Polybius says nothing of the subject and up to this day there has been no evidence of rock that has been carbonized at the site in which Livy had stated. Livy’s accounts of the crossing were very much the same as Polybius’s although we can see in some parts of Livy’s work that his Roman bias has written the work for him. When Hannibal was making a speech to his men after their crossing of the Rhone Polybius wrote that Hannibal spoke of their past achievements and that the hardest part of their journey was already over, but according to Livy Hannibal told his men that they were going to be fighting against the most powerful and grandest city in the world. This was not the case in Hannibal’s time and so we can clearly see that Livy had just created a false fact and account just to paint Rome in a brighter light. Livy’s biased for Rome is something that constantly alters Livy’s accounts. Much of Hannibal’s ascent and crossing of the Alps documented by Polybius and Livy are very similar with only a few minor alterations in the accounts of some events which took place. The main reason why the accounts of some events are different is mainly because of Livy’s biased and attitude towards Rome which makes him document the account and alter it in such a way that it paints Rome in a sense of glory and success. Another main reason which dictates the differences of the accounts is that Polybius who lived during the time of these events could go to places and get a firsthand experience and knowledge of the event by interviewing the people involved and taking notes on the actual location whereas Livy who lived a long time after the crossing had to rely on other peoples accounts and could not get firsthand knowledge on a lot of the events. The crossing of the Alps is a fairly well documented event during the Second Punic war and one that is the most remarkable. Polybius and Livy both have very detailed accounts of the crossing and we rely on this information to piece together Hannibal’s crossing of the Alps. Although some of the facts of the crossing remain disputed and unknown we have sufficient information between both sources to have a good understanding of the crossing. Both historians give a lot of information on the crossing although we tend to use Polybius’s account as it is more reliable and he had firsthand experience and knowledge whereas we know Livy to be a very pro-Roman and did not live during the event but many years later. Both accounts of the crossing have proved to be very useful for our understanding of Hannibal’s crossing of the Alps. How to cite Hannibal’s Crossing of the Alps, Essay examples

Corporate Sustainability Environment Planning

Question: Discuss about the Corporate Sustainability for Environment Planning. Answer: Introduction Corporate sustainability is a business approach that helps an organization to create a long-term relationship with the customers and the employees as well as to maintain a green strategy that aims to take care of the environmental issues. It is a dual concept that not only concentrates on its organizational and its people but also focus on the society and the environment. It considers the natural environment and operates its business by managing the social, economical, and economic environment. It is considered as a sustainable development of the organization and its resources. Such practices and techniques must be used in every organization so that it can achieve sustainability in the same. It helps to create better conditions to work not only for today but also for tomorrow. It teaches the organization to have eco- friendly solutions for the problems. It helps the organization to enrich the value of the shares and goodwill in the market. It also assists to curb the competition present in the market and industry. Background From the last two decades, the governments of countries are expressing concern about the environmental conditions of the world. In the mid-70s, the government of Australia showed its concern on the need for national environmental reporting. Afterward, the procedure was initiated to bring sustainable development in the country. The main aim was to implement and evaluate the policies related to the environment. Many of the Australian state and territory government have aggregated the policies and strategies for environment. Some states are monitoring the existing plans and making suitable changes according to the current requirements. The data is extracted from the environment protection authorities like water boards, pollution checkers, resource departments, etc. these indicators help the government to identify the problems regarding these areas (Thiele, 2013). The main aim of the Australian government is to clean the environment in the best way they can do so. For this, they have formed an army called as green army. They work to promote and support the Australian local environment and heritage projects. Emissions Reduction Fund is a program initiated by the Australian government to emit pollution. This fund helps businesses and households of Australia to take action against emissions. For the future generation, they protect and manage the Great Barrier Reef. This information and data mutually help the government to maintain the planning and development of the environment. The study gives knowledge about the Environmental Planning and management in Australia, the urban development, management of resources, sustainable development, etc. Situation Analysis Through this study, one can analyze the environment planning done in Australia. Environmental planning helps to forecast the future tragedies and to find the solution for the same. Planning also constructs a bridge between where we are and where we want to go in future. Environment plays a vital role in an individual as well as in countrys life. It provides us all the relevant resources that are required to survive (Feng, 2012). The Australia government is very active in managing the natural environment as they value the same. Australia is a healthy and wealthy country. However, there is a need to improve certain things to enhance its health and wealth. There are many policies adopted by the government of Australia to manage their natural resources. The government has passed certain acts that work for the natural environment of the country. These acts directly or indirectly handle the development of rural areas into urban cities and towns. The government has focused on the ecological sustainability and management of resources for the future generations. They have developed many polices that help the individual to generate their knowledge about the natural environment. The information and data of an environment must be spread to all over Australia so that people become aware of the planning of environment. Environmental Management and Planning in Australia Environment planning and management of Australia is very effective and efficient in nature. Not only the government but also the individuals are aware of their natural environment (Wadley, David A. 2012). Environmental planning is all about: Safeguards the natural ecosystems of an environment: A system that aim is not only to protect and conserve the natural resources but also to meet the political, cultural and socioeconomic needs of future generation is known as ecosystem management. The priority of this management is the efficient and effective use of scarce resources. It helps the people to make an ethical use out of all the natural assets. It is one of the holistic approaches that bring significant changes in the environment. There are approaches to maintain the ecosystem like strategic management, adaptive management, etc. Protect the biodiversity: Biodiversity refers to the quality and variety of life of any region. So there is a need to conserve the diversity in Australia as it is declining on a very fast rate. The individuals of a country directly or indirectly depend on the living system. They are responsible in maintain our health and well-being. The diversity of Australia is under threat. More than 1700 species are at a risk of extinction. There is a vast degradation of the environment. Many of the ecosystems are about to collapse (Searle, 2012). The reasons behind declining of biodiversity are: Loss of habitat Degradation and fragmentation Unsustainable use of resources Climatic change Enhance the quality of air, land and water resources: It is vital for every country to maintain the quality of natural resources as they are the needs of human being. The government of Australia has to adopt measures to remove the pollution from such resources (Dannenberg, et.al, 2011). Reduction in waste, pollution, and garbage: There are various ways by which a country can manage its garbage and waste. There are sustainable solutions to meet the current and future need for management of garbage. They are: Reduction in waste Less packaging Recycling Reuse Promotion of Sustainability: Sustainable Australian report says that the country has made a drastic change over the last 30 years. There is a progress in many sections. The lifestyles, education, health, etc. are getting better. However, there is a decrease in the health of the environment and an increase in inequality among people. One report mentioned that the decision making and planning take place according to the future Australians generations. Not only the Australians but also the world has an impact of sustainable development (Taylor, et.al, 2012). In Australia, the National Sustainability Council is a separate body which manages the sustainability issues for the country. It was established in 2012. Decline the impact of man-made or natural hazards: Australia experienced a vast range of natural distastes like floods, earthquakes, landslide, etc. These distastes results in financial and natural hardship for all the people. The government has to take effective measures to control the same (Hundloe, et.al., 2012). Conservation of resources: The Australian government has design and implements such policies that help to protect the environment. It provides safety to the water sources, heritage, landfills, etc. Some plans are made to provide an adequate affordable, cheaper and reliable source of energy to meet the future needs of people. Urban development in Australia: Sustainable urban growth helps to ensure that there is a sustainable development of the cities and towns of Australia. It has become a priority for the developers of the modern world as most of the people constantly flock to urban areas. The cities and towns of Australia are expanding at a very high rate. Planning of urban area plays an important role to ensure the development of the country as well as for the urban world. The designs of cities and towns are very exclusive and high-performing. In Australia, there are many experts who design economic and well-established communities (Wilson and Piper, 2010). In a nutshell, the experts are developing cities in a sustainable manner (Bray, 2015). Experts are using their experiences to develop the rural area into urban area either through the renovation of old towns or by developing large-scale plans. For this, they need cooperation from both public and private institutions to achieve the goals. There is a responsibility on government and developers of Australia to invest their money into smart, green cities and buildings so that there is a sustainable future growth. An organization named as Australian Pacifics Rapid Urbanization that helps to enhance the urbanization in the country. It includes the development of brand new cities, innovative ideas on water and energy supply to households (Australia.gov.au, 2015). Conclusion The 2014 latest report on Australia shows that there is some progress that has been done since past years to safeguard the natural environment. Natural resources are declining, and the quality of environmental factors is also variable. It helps to support the findings in the reports and research. There are many relevant challenges faced by the government and developers to manage the environment. It is due to the proper implementation of strategies, innovative solutions to the problems such as sustainable development of cities and towns, an effective management of resources, etc. The natural environment of Australia is in a moderate and balance state. However, there is a scope to manage it in a better way to bring a steady growth. There is a need to coordinate between development and sustainability. There are certain factors which help to manage the environment, i.e., good quality, relevant, accessible and updated information and also assist to study the changes in the environment. The Environment Protection Authority of Australia recommends that there should be some development plans and strategies to deliver the most effective and efficient information of environment. It will help to allocate the environmental information needs, coordinate, integrate and prioritize the collection of data. It also enhances improvement in accessing and communicating the available information about the environment. Recommendations There is a need to improve the knowledge and information of people about the environment. There is a need to monitor the condition of natural resources. An effective collection of information and data that helps to analyze the quality and quantity of natural resources is required. There must be consistency in the improvement of environmental aspects. There is a need for better and effective visualization of information about environment. References Australia.gov.au, 2015, Natural disasters in Australia, [Online], Accessed on: 14 September 2016, Available at: https://www.australia.gov.au/about-australia/australian-story/natural-disasters Bray, M., 2015, Sustainable Urban Development, [Online], Accessed on: 14 September 2016, available at: https://www.arcadis.com/en/australia/what-we-do/our-capabilities/design/master-planning-and-sustainable-urban-development/sustainable-urban-development/ Christine Crawford (Ed.), The value of water in a drying climate (pp. 17-25) Collingwood, VIC Australia: CSIRO Publishing. Cook, et.al., 2012, Managers consider multiple lines of evidence important for biodiversity management decisions, Journal of Environmental Management, 113 341-346. Dannenberg, et.al., 2011, Making Healthy Places, Washington, D.C.: Island Press, 2011, Print. Feng, Zhuo, 2012, Cultural Difference In Television Programs, Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang, 2012, Print. Humphrey, et.al. 2012, The independent effects of environmental, social and governance initiatives on the performance of UK firms, Australian Journal of Management, 37 2: 135-151. Hundloe, et.al., 2012, The principles of sustainability and economics, In Tor Hundloe and In Tan Yigitcanlar, Kostas Metaxiotis and Francisco Javier Carillo (Ed.), Building prosperous knowledge cities: policies, plans and metrics (pp. 60-73) Cheltenham, U. K.: Edward Elgar. Searle, 2012, Globalizing: what makes Australian information technology companies go global?, Taylor, et.al. 2012, Uncertainty and ambiguity in environmental governance: water quality in Great Barrier Reef catchments, In Thomas Measham and Stewart Lockie (Ed.), Risk and Social Theory in Environmental Management (pp. 161-173) Melbourne, Australia: CSIRO Pubishing. Thiele, Leslie Paul, 2013, Sustainability, Cambridge: Polity, 2013, Print. Wadley, David A. 2012, Australia/New Zealand/Pacific and transnational organisations, In Joseph P. Stoltman (Ed.), 21st century geography: A reference book (pp. 647-662) Washington DC, United States: Sage Publications. Wilson, et.al., 2010, Spatial Planning And Climate Change, London: Routledge, 2010, Print.

Corporate Sustainability Environment Planning

Question: Discuss about the Corporate Sustainability for Environment Planning. Answer: Introduction Corporate sustainability is a business approach that helps an organization to create a long-term relationship with the customers and the employees as well as to maintain a green strategy that aims to take care of the environmental issues. It is a dual concept that not only concentrates on its organizational and its people but also focus on the society and the environment. It considers the natural environment and operates its business by managing the social, economical, and economic environment. It is considered as a sustainable development of the organization and its resources. Such practices and techniques must be used in every organization so that it can achieve sustainability in the same. It helps to create better conditions to work not only for today but also for tomorrow. It teaches the organization to have eco- friendly solutions for the problems. It helps the organization to enrich the value of the shares and goodwill in the market. It also assists to curb the competition present in the market and industry. Background From the last two decades, the governments of countries are expressing concern about the environmental conditions of the world. In the mid-70s, the government of Australia showed its concern on the need for national environmental reporting. Afterward, the procedure was initiated to bring sustainable development in the country. The main aim was to implement and evaluate the policies related to the environment. Many of the Australian state and territory government have aggregated the policies and strategies for environment. Some states are monitoring the existing plans and making suitable changes according to the current requirements. The data is extracted from the environment protection authorities like water boards, pollution checkers, resource departments, etc. these indicators help the government to identify the problems regarding these areas (Thiele, 2013). The main aim of the Australian government is to clean the environment in the best way they can do so. For this, they have formed an army called as green army. They work to promote and support the Australian local environment and heritage projects. Emissions Reduction Fund is a program initiated by the Australian government to emit pollution. This fund helps businesses and households of Australia to take action against emissions. For the future generation, they protect and manage the Great Barrier Reef. This information and data mutually help the government to maintain the planning and development of the environment. The study gives knowledge about the Environmental Planning and management in Australia, the urban development, management of resources, sustainable development, etc. Situation Analysis Through this study, one can analyze the environment planning done in Australia. Environmental planning helps to forecast the future tragedies and to find the solution for the same. Planning also constructs a bridge between where we are and where we want to go in future. Environment plays a vital role in an individual as well as in countrys life. It provides us all the relevant resources that are required to survive (Feng, 2012). The Australia government is very active in managing the natural environment as they value the same. Australia is a healthy and wealthy country. However, there is a need to improve certain things to enhance its health and wealth. There are many policies adopted by the government of Australia to manage their natural resources. The government has passed certain acts that work for the natural environment of the country. These acts directly or indirectly handle the development of rural areas into urban cities and towns. The government has focused on the ecological sustainability and management of resources for the future generations. They have developed many polices that help the individual to generate their knowledge about the natural environment. The information and data of an environment must be spread to all over Australia so that people become aware of the planning of environment. Environmental Management and Planning in Australia Environment planning and management of Australia is very effective and efficient in nature. Not only the government but also the individuals are aware of their natural environment (Wadley, David A. 2012). Environmental planning is all about: Safeguards the natural ecosystems of an environment: A system that aim is not only to protect and conserve the natural resources but also to meet the political, cultural and socioeconomic needs of future generation is known as ecosystem management. The priority of this management is the efficient and effective use of scarce resources. It helps the people to make an ethical use out of all the natural assets. It is one of the holistic approaches that bring significant changes in the environment. There are approaches to maintain the ecosystem like strategic management, adaptive management, etc. Protect the biodiversity: Biodiversity refers to the quality and variety of life of any region. So there is a need to conserve the diversity in Australia as it is declining on a very fast rate. The individuals of a country directly or indirectly depend on the living system. They are responsible in maintain our health and well-being. The diversity of Australia is under threat. More than 1700 species are at a risk of extinction. There is a vast degradation of the environment. Many of the ecosystems are about to collapse (Searle, 2012). The reasons behind declining of biodiversity are: Loss of habitat Degradation and fragmentation Unsustainable use of resources Climatic change Enhance the quality of air, land and water resources: It is vital for every country to maintain the quality of natural resources as they are the needs of human being. The government of Australia has to adopt measures to remove the pollution from such resources (Dannenberg, et.al, 2011). Reduction in waste, pollution, and garbage: There are various ways by which a country can manage its garbage and waste. There are sustainable solutions to meet the current and future need for management of garbage. They are: Reduction in waste Less packaging Recycling Reuse Promotion of Sustainability: Sustainable Australian report says that the country has made a drastic change over the last 30 years. There is a progress in many sections. The lifestyles, education, health, etc. are getting better. However, there is a decrease in the health of the environment and an increase in inequality among people. One report mentioned that the decision making and planning take place according to the future Australians generations. Not only the Australians but also the world has an impact of sustainable development (Taylor, et.al, 2012). In Australia, the National Sustainability Council is a separate body which manages the sustainability issues for the country. It was established in 2012. Decline the impact of man-made or natural hazards: Australia experienced a vast range of natural distastes like floods, earthquakes, landslide, etc. These distastes results in financial and natural hardship for all the people. The government has to take effective measures to control the same (Hundloe, et.al., 2012). Conservation of resources: The Australian government has design and implements such policies that help to protect the environment. It provides safety to the water sources, heritage, landfills, etc. Some plans are made to provide an adequate affordable, cheaper and reliable source of energy to meet the future needs of people. Urban development in Australia: Sustainable urban growth helps to ensure that there is a sustainable development of the cities and towns of Australia. It has become a priority for the developers of the modern world as most of the people constantly flock to urban areas. The cities and towns of Australia are expanding at a very high rate. Planning of urban area plays an important role to ensure the development of the country as well as for the urban world. The designs of cities and towns are very exclusive and high-performing. In Australia, there are many experts who design economic and well-established communities (Wilson and Piper, 2010). In a nutshell, the experts are developing cities in a sustainable manner (Bray, 2015). Experts are using their experiences to develop the rural area into urban area either through the renovation of old towns or by developing large-scale plans. For this, they need cooperation from both public and private institutions to achieve the goals. There is a responsibility on government and developers of Australia to invest their money into smart, green cities and buildings so that there is a sustainable future growth. An organization named as Australian Pacifics Rapid Urbanization that helps to enhance the urbanization in the country. It includes the development of brand new cities, innovative ideas on water and energy supply to households (Australia.gov.au, 2015). Conclusion The 2014 latest report on Australia shows that there is some progress that has been done since past years to safeguard the natural environment. Natural resources are declining, and the quality of environmental factors is also variable. It helps to support the findings in the reports and research. There are many relevant challenges faced by the government and developers to manage the environment. It is due to the proper implementation of strategies, innovative solutions to the problems such as sustainable development of cities and towns, an effective management of resources, etc. The natural environment of Australia is in a moderate and balance state. However, there is a scope to manage it in a better way to bring a steady growth. There is a need to coordinate between development and sustainability. There are certain factors which help to manage the environment, i.e., good quality, relevant, accessible and updated information and also assist to study the changes in the environment. The Environment Protection Authority of Australia recommends that there should be some development plans and strategies to deliver the most effective and efficient information of environment. It will help to allocate the environmental information needs, coordinate, integrate and prioritize the collection of data. It also enhances improvement in accessing and communicating the available information about the environment. Recommendations There is a need to improve the knowledge and information of people about the environment. There is a need to monitor the condition of natural resources. An effective collection of information and data that helps to analyze the quality and quantity of natural resources is required. There must be consistency in the improvement of environmental aspects. 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